{"title":"Rehabilitation Resources","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"topics-in-wildlife-medicine-volume-4-orthopedics","title":"Topics in Wildlife Medicine Volume 4: Orthopedics","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eEligible for 20% member discount. Must use code at checkout to receive discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ci\u003eTopics in Wildlife Medicine Volume 4: Orthopedics\u003c\/i\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003ewas created to help veterinarians and wildlife rehabilitators manage fractures in native North American wildlife. From wraps and splints to surgical techniques and ethical considerations for different species, this book covers a lot of ground! The authors of each chapter are veterinarians and experienced wildlife rehabilitators who specialize in wildlife rehabilitation medicine. Both rehabilitators and their veterinarians will benefit from the tips, tricks, and techniques described within.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEdited by Rebecca S. Duerr, DVM and Guthrum J. Purdin, DVM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal number of pages: 206\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print ($95)","offer_id":40189401759908,"sku":"9781931439305","price":95.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($82)","offer_id":40189401694372,"sku":"9781931439305","price":82.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print and Ebook Bundle ($129)","offer_id":40189401727140,"sku":"9781931439305","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/ScreenShot2021-01-26at1.56.11PM.png?v=1611691005"},{"product_id":"thoughts-for-food","title":"Thoughts for Food","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b00ff;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eEligible for 20% member discount. Must use code at checkout to receive discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch1 class=\"rteleft\"\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChapter 1: \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroduction to Insectivores \u003cbr\u003eVitamins \u0026amp; Minerals from Natural Food Sources \u003cbr\u003ePreview of Chapter Contents \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChapter 2: The Big Six in Feeder Bugs \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcheta domestica - Crickets \u003cbr\u003eGalleria mellonella - Waxworms and Wax Moths \u003cbr\u003eTenebrio molitor - Mealworms and Grain Beetles \u003cbr\u003eZophobus morio - Superworms (Kingworms) and Darkling Beetles \u003cbr\u003eMusca domestica, Sarcophaga bullata, Calliphora vicina - Flies \u003cbr\u003eDrosophila species - Fruit Flies \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChapter 3: Variety is the Spice of Life \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBombyx mori - Silkworms and Silk Moths \u003cbr\u003eManduca sexta - Hornworms and Sphinx Moths \u003cbr\u003eBlaberus and Gromphadorphina species - Death's Head \u0026amp; Hissing Roaches \u003cbr\u003eBirds as prey \u003cbr\u003eLizards as prey \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChapter 4: Catch as Catch Can \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePantry Pests: Pyralidae Family - Meal Moths and larvae \u003cbr\u003eGrasshoppers, Locusts and Katydids \u003cbr\u003eTetrigidae Family - Pygmy Grasshoppers \u003cbr\u003ePhasmida Order - Stick-Insects and Leaf-Insects \u003cbr\u003eGarden Pests \u003cbr\u003eNight-flying Moths and other Nocturnal Insects\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBibliography \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvertebrates and the Law \u003cbr\u003eBuying Guide: Sources for Invertebrates, Vertebrates, Housing, Culture (Food) Mediums, various Supplies and Equipment to hunt and capture prey \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdited by\u003c\/strong\u003e Ardi Abate. Updated 2009 by Mark D Finke, PhD.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal number of pages: 47\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e ---\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31394308227124,"sku":"9781931439350","price":22.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/F4E564A8-E74C-4683-AB42-E7C0A3A1D517_1_201_a.jpg?v=1575318873"},{"product_id":"songbird-diet-index-2nd-edition","title":"Songbird Diet Index, 2nd Ed","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #63a91e;\"\u003eNWRA Publication-eligible for 20% discount with member code. Must use code at checkout to receive member discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA Guide to the Natural Food Habits of Ohio Songbirds and Substitute Diets for Use in Wildlife Rehabilitation Facilities\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePreface\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Menu Planning Criteria\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Importance of Natural Foods\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Providing Natural Plant Foods\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Providing Natural Insects\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Commercially Available Insects\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Other Important Foods and Supplements\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            Food Presentation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            How to Use the Diet Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSongbird Diet Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppendices\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            A: Checklist of Food Supplies\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            B: Sources for Food Items\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            C: Index of Scientific Names\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiterature Cited\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBy \u003c\/strong\u003eMarcy Rule\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2013\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal number of pages: 170\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e ---\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print ($35)","offer_id":51300794892452,"sku":"9781931439312","price":35.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($30)","offer_id":51300794925220,"sku":"9781931439313","price":30.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print \u0026 Ebook Bundle ($56)","offer_id":51300794957988,"sku":"9781931439314","price":56.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Songbird_Diet_2024_reprint_shopify_Page_01.png?v=1722788684"},{"product_id":"nwra-wildlife-formulary","title":"NWRA Wildlife Formulary, 5th Ed","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eNWRA Publication-eligible for 20% discount with member code. Must use code at checkout to receive member discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNWRA Wildlife Formulary \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eprovides wildlife rehabilitators and veterinarians condensed information on pharmaceuticals and biologics available for use in wildlife rehabilitation.  \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMore than \u003cb\u003e400\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb\u003epharmaceuticals\u003c\/b\u003e—over \u003cb\u003e25 new entries\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTaxa and \u003cb\u003especies-specific doses \u003c\/b\u003efor wild animals\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eQuick reference \u003c\/b\u003etables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNWRA Veterinary Committee \u003cb\u003eposition statement \u003c\/b\u003eon the use of human\u003cb\u003e antiviral drugs\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneric and trade name \u003cb\u003eindex\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePublished 2024\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTotal number of pages: 500\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNWRA Wildlife Formulary\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e e-book—\u003cstrong\u003efully reflowable\u003c\/strong\u003e text and graphics with the ability to adjust text size and format.  \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print ($70)","offer_id":45915335590052,"sku":"9781931439329","price":70.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($60)","offer_id":45915335622820,"sku":"9781931439329","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print and Ebook Bundle ($92)","offer_id":45915335655588,"sku":"9781931439329","price":92.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/FormularycoverV7_5.5x8.5in.png?v=1707669649"},{"product_id":"principles-of-wildlife-rehabilitation-2nd-edition","title":"Principles of Wildlife Rehabilitation, 2nd Ed","description":"\u003ch3 style=\"text-align: left;\" class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eEligible for 20% member discount. Must use code at checkout to receive discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrinciples of Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e e-book—\u003cstrong\u003efully reflowable\u003c\/strong\u003e text and graphics with the ability to adjust text size and format.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \"Big Blue Book\"—NWRA's essential primer for new and aspiring rehabilitators.  Thirteen chapters on everything from for getting started and building a wildlife center to admitting patients, animal handling\/care, biosecurity, general nutrition, \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eveterinary topics, and much more.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCopyright First Edition 1997, 1998 and Second Edition 2002, Reprinted 2008 by the National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association. All rights reserved.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eMoore and Joosten\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal number of pages: 667\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Ebook ($80)","offer_id":51045292834980,"sku":"9781931439115","price":80.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Screenshot_2025-08-30_at_4.11.50_PM.png?v=1756596353"},{"product_id":"answering-the-call-of-the-wild-a-hotline-operators-guide-to-help-people-wildlife","title":"Answering the Call of the Wild: A Hotline Operator's Guide to Help People \u0026 Wildlife","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"product-body\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eAnswering the Call of the Wild: A Hotline Operator's Guide to Help People \u0026amp; Wildlife \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eis a rehabilitator's best tool for managing public calls about injured and orphaned wildlife, wildlife \"nuisance\", and human-wildlife conflict issues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSection A of the manual discusses setting up a hotline program and the basic requirements for answering calls and understanding the finder's questions. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSection B is an incredible resource detailing the many types of questions raised by the public, clarifying questions to ensure an accurate understanding, and answers for each scenario. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSection C provides a wealth of useful species natural history information.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReviews of Answering the Call of the Wild \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eby Anne Miller can be found \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/nwrawildlife.site-ym.com\/resource\/resmgr\/Review_of_Answering_the_Cal.docx\"\u003ehere.\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eby Vicki Davis can be found\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/wild_life_book_review_-_Copy.doc\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ehere.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"\u003eBy\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"font-size: 15px;\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eErin Luther\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished 2010\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal number of pages: 503\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31394540388404,"sku":"9780981117003","price":70.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/call_of_the_wild_book_cover.jpg?v=1576509110"},{"product_id":"an-introduction-to-aquatic-bird-rehabilitation","title":"An Introduction to Aquatic Bird Rehabilitation","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cem\u003eAn Introduction to Aquatic Bird Rehabilitation\u003c\/em\u003e \u003c\/b\u003eis a must-have reference book for those working with aquatic birds. The book contains a wealth of information on examining, evaluating, treating, housing, feeding, waterproofing, and releasing aquatic birds. Numerous drawings and photographs support the text.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eChapters include detailed information on skeletal anatomy, handling, physical exam, euthanasia, captivity-related problems, protective wraps, aspergillosis, feathers and waterproofing, diet and hydration, nutrition, housing, and principles of release. Appendices include a medical reference table, patterns for reusable keel wraps, and detecting parasites in wild birds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy Bird Ally X\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished in 2012\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNumber of pages: 152\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31394831761460,"sku":"9780985180515","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Screenshot_2025-08-30_at_5.25.03_PM.png?v=1756600150"},{"product_id":"hand-rearing-birds-2nd-edition","title":"Hand-Rearing Birds, 2nd Ed","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis book presents a detailed guide to hand-rearing techniques for raising young birds, providing complete coverage of a wide variety of avian species and taxonomic groups for all avian care professionals. Chapters are written by expert rehabilitation, aviculture, and zoo professionals, and include useful references and bibliographies for further reading and research. Each chapter provides valuable information on appropriate intervention, housing, feeding, and care. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHand-Rearing Birds, Second Edition\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epresents 50 chapters, including 12 new chapters on species or groups of species not featured in the previous edition. It also features color photographs that help illustrate many concepts pertinent to birds.  This important reference:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffers a detailed guide to hand-rearing techniques including species-specific guides to caring for and raising young birds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCovers a wide variety of avian species and taxonomic groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscusses how to examine a chick to identify problems such as hypothermia, dehydration, injuries, and common diseases, and what to do\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCombines information on the science and skill needed to successfully hand-rear birds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePresents full-color photographs throughout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHand-Rearing Birds, Second Edition\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis an essential resource for avian rehabilitators, breeders, veterinarians, and zoo staff.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRebecca S. Duerr, DVM, MPVM, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis Clinical Veterinarian and Research Director at International Bird Rescue in California, USA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLaurie J. Gage, DVM, DACZM,\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis a zoo and wildlife veterinarian from northern California, USA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"collapse\" id=\"content-section-item\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":36122682589348,"sku":"9781119167754","price":133.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/1119167752.jpg?v=1599756338"},{"product_id":"medical-management-of-wildlife-species-a-guide-for-practitioners","title":"Medical Management of Wildlife Species: A Guide for Practitioners","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRead the first chapter, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/media.wiley.com\/product_data\/excerpt\/85\/11190365\/1119036585-5.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehere\u003c\/a\u003e!\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book offers an all-encompassing resource for reliable information on the medical management of wild birds, mammals, amphibians, and turtles. Focusing on the medical information relevant to the wildlife setting, it covers triage, emergency care, and other key considerations in handling, diagnosing, and treating wild animals. The book's population-based approach encourages practitioners to understand individual animal care within the broader context. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003ci data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMedical Management of Wildlife Species: A Guide for Practitioners\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebegins with a brief summary of natural history, and introductory chapters address general topics such as pre-release conditioning, post-release monitoring, and legal issues associated with handling wildlife species. Species-specific chapters provide practical information on medical management, including the most prevalent concerns for each species and the epidemiology of infectious diseases. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eProvides a complete reference to handling, diagnosing, and treating wild species\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCovers the full range of North American wildlife\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eIncludes concepts that can be applied to species globally\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eEmphasizes information relevant to the wildlife setting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFocuses on individual medicine, firmly grounded within population medicine for a broader approach\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTargeted at wildlife veterinarians, veterinary clinicians that will be presented with wildlife, veterinary technicians, and wildlife rehabilitators\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003ci data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMedical Management of Wildlife Species\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis a must-have addition to the bookshelf of wildlife veterinarians and any veterinarian seeing occasional wild animals, as well as wildlife biologists and researchers.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"section-title collapsed\" data-target=\"#content-section-item\" data-toggle=\"collapse\"\u003eTABLE OF CONTENTS\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"collapse\" id=\"content-section-item\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors vii\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment xiii\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection I General Topics 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 Regulatory and Legal Considerations in Wildlife Medicine 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAllan Casey and Erica A. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 Human Safety and Zoonoses 11\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarcy J. Souza\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3 Specialized Equipment for Wildlife Care 23\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eFlorina S. Tseng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 General Principles of Emergency Care 29\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJulia K. Whittington and Nicole Rosenhagen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 General Principles of Analgesia and Anesthesia in Wildlife 45\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichelle G. Hawkins, David Sanchez‐Migallon Guzman and Joanne Paul‐Murphy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 Care of Oiled Wildlife 75\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eFlorina S. Tseng and Michael Ziccardi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7 Vaccination of Wildlife Species 85\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael J. Yabsley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8 The Veterinary Practitioner and the Wildlife Rehabilitator: Building the Right Relationship and Touching All the Bases 97\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdward E. Clark Jr\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9 Pre‐Release Conditioning 105\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eScott Ford and Kristen Dube\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 Postrehabilitation Release Monitoring of Wildlife 123\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSonia M. Hernandez\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11 Wound Management in Wildlife 129\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElizabeth A. Maxwell and R. Avery Bennett\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12 Principles of Initial Orphan Care 145\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLaurie J. Gage and Rebecca S. Duerr\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13 The Role of Wildlife Rehabilitation in Wildlife Disease Research and Surveillance 159\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael J. Yabsley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection II Medical Management of Specific Animals 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14 Natural History and Medical Management of Squirrels and Other Rodents 169\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eErica A. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15 Natural History and Medical Management of Lagomorphs 185\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eFlorina S. Tseng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16 Natural History and Medical Management of Passerines, Galliformes, and Allies 197\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSallie C. Welte and Erica A. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e17 Natural History and Medical Management of Raptors 215\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Scott\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18 Natural History and Medical Management of Waterfowl 229\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichele Goodman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e19 Medical and Surgical Management of Seabirds and Allies 247\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRebecca S. Duerr\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20 Medical and Surgical Management of Deer and Relatives 259\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKelli Knight and Peach van Wick\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e21 Natural History and Medical Management of Procyonids: Emphasis on Raccoons 271\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRen\u003c\/i\u003eé\u003ci\u003ee Schott\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e22 Natural History and Medical Management of Mustelids 283\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNoha Abou‐Madi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23 Natural History and Medical Management of Opossums 297\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAntonia Gardner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e24 Natural History and Medical Management of Canids: Emphasis on Coyotes and Foxes 313\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJeannie Lord and Erica A. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25 Natural History and Medical Management of Ursids 327\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDave McRuer and Helen Ingraham\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26 Natural History and Medical Management of Felids: Emphasis on Bobcats 343\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBethany Groves and John R. Huckabee\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e27 Natural History and Medical Management of Chiroptera 353\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLinda E. Bowen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28 Natural History and Medical Management of Terrestrial and Aquatic Chelonians 363\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTerry M. Norton and Matthew C. Allender\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e29 Natural History and Medical Management of Amphibians 383\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLeigh Ann Clayton\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppendix I: Clinical Pathology of Common Wildlife Species 397\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eErica A. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppendix II: Formulary for Common Wildlife Species 449\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eHeather W. Barron\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndex 471\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e ---\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":36122718240932,"sku":"9781119036586","price":152.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/1119036585.jpg?v=1599745640"},{"product_id":"standards","title":"Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation","description":"\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e e-book—\u003cstrong\u003efully reflowable\u003c\/strong\u003e text and graphics with the ability to adjust text size and format.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eDescription of \u003cem\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e (made possible through funding from Partners for Wildlife) is a 2021 publication, based on previous editions of Minimum Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation, but with so much more!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book emphasizes that all stages of rehabilitation are undertaken for the welfare of the animal—both while in captivity and after release. Throughout the chapters, call-out boxes highlight how the standards benefit the welfare of the rehabilitating animal, and\/or will contribute to the animal’s welfare following release.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book is a cooperative effort of the National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) and International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council (IWRC) that represents the current knowledge, expertise, and techniques in our field. The information pertains to all who rehabilitate wildlife, regardless of numbers and species of wildlife cared for, budget size, number of paid or volunteer staff, or size and location of activity. Regulatory and species information is specific to the United States and Canada, welfare implications are applicable globally. The intent is not to exclude, but to include and encourage rehabilitators as they strive to improve.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/em\u003e is intended to improve the well-being of wildlife while in rehabilitative care by providing: a) professional standards and guidelines for appropriate captive care and housing (husbandry); b) recommendations and information regarding wildlife health and welfare; c) guidelines for evaluating wildlife for release, placement, or euthanasia; and d) mechanisms for self-evaluation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book itself is divided into three main sections.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Section 1 addresses legalities in the United States and Canada, ethics, welfare, record keeping, patient evaluation, biosecurity, and other general aspects of rehabilitation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Section 2 addresses general housing considerations and needs for captive, rehabilitating wildlife with chapters on birds, mammals, and herptiles (focusing on species present in the United States and Canada).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Section 3 addresses the final stage of rehabilitation: release conditioning, evaluation, and the final disposition of the animal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the conclusion of each chapter are lists of both “Minimum Standards” and “Recommended Practices” for that topic, meant to summarize the points of the chapter and provide further guidance for improving the well-being of wildlife while in rehabilitative care.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther new features or content include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Expanded species information, with emphasis on housing needs and enrichment\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Expanded chapter on biosecurity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ New chapters on disaster preparedness, capture and transport, release preparation, the role of veterinary medicine in rehabilitation, and placement\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Expanded sections on disposition, including release preparation, renesting\/reuniting criteria and standards, release criteria, surrogacy options, euthanasia criteria, and placement criteria\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Expanded Appendices with useful forms\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Housing tables separated into English standard units and metric\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ Photos and colored diagrams help to illustrate concepts and provide examples\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e▪ A complete Index for easy information access\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/em\u003e is available as an on-line, electronic version (must have internet access and be an active member of NWRA or IWRC to access it). The publication is also available for purchase in print and e-versions.\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print ($40)","offer_id":39881463365796,"sku":"9781931439374","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($35)","offer_id":39881463431332,"sku":"9781931439374","price":35.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print and Ebook Bundle ($60)","offer_id":39881463496868,"sku":"9781931439374","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Screenshot_2025-05-30_at_1.05.54_PM.png?v=1748636910"},{"product_id":"baby-bird-identification-a-north-american-guide","title":"Baby Bird Identification: A North American Guide","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBaby Bird Identification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis a comprehensive illustrated guide for distinguishing hundreds of North American bird species in their early stages of life.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFrom the just hatched to the fledgling, Linda Tuttle-Adams walks readers through the process of identifying baby birds that they may encounter in the wild—a first step to ensuring proper care and rehabilitation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSuccessful rehabilitation of birds found in the wild requires species-specific attention. But the identification of a baby bird, whether altricial or precocial, may seem overwhelming at first, even to a trained ornithologist. Tuttle-Adams lays out an approachable and systematic method for discerning a baby bird's identity, offering descriptions of telling anatomical and environmental features as well as details of a bird's day-to-day growth.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWith over four hundred original watercolor paintings and an illustrated glossary\u003c\/strong\u003e,\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBaby Bird Identification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis an invaluable resource for wildlife rehabilitators, those who find baby birds in their yards or recreational places, and anyone who enjoys watching or studying birds in the wild.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLinda Tuttle-Adams is a biologist and wildlife artist. She works as a wildlife rehabilitator and as an advocate for conservation of wildlife through public education.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"educators__title\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eForeword by Rebecca Duerr\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgements\u003cbr\u003eA Note to Readers: Ethical Considerations regarding Wildlife\u003cbr\u003eIllustrated Glossary\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Importance of Correct Identification\u003cbr\u003e2. Anatomy\u003cbr\u003e3. Growth, Development, and Estimating Age\u003cbr\u003e4. The Process of Identification\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecies Accounts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction to the Species Accounts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNonpasserine Birds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePasserine Birds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlates\u003cbr\u003ePhoto Gallery\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppendices\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColor Chart and Terminology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentification Worksheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth and Development Tables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecies Comparison Tables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotes\u003cbr\u003eLiterature Cited\u003cbr\u003eIndex\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublication date: \u003c\/strong\u003eOctober 15, 2022\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePages: \u003c\/strong\u003e432\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIllustrations: \u003c\/strong\u003e68 color photo, 1 B\u0026amp;W halftone, 379 illustrations, 2 charts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReviews\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"A groundbreaking must-read for wildlife rehabilitators, field ornithologists, and curious birders. Linda Tuttle-Adam's masterpiece expertly takes on a set of previously neglected topics to make a singular contribution to the identification, anatomy, and development of young birds. \"\u003cbr\u003e—Paul J. Baicich, coauthor of \u003ci\u003eNests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"A remarkable trove of information with exceptionally beautiful illustrations. Tuttle-Adams's fresh, rigorous approach to the process of baby bird identification is a welcome and much-needed contribution to the field.\"\u003cbr\u003e—Susan Elbin, NYC Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Invaluable, comprehensive, and utterly original in its scope. By covering multiple stages of nestling development,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003eBaby Bird Identification\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ehas positioned itself as the most complete guide to nestling and fledgling identification ever written.\"\u003cbr\u003e—Robyn Bailey, Project Leader at NestWatch\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNWRA Online Store Return Policy\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42799064973476,"sku":"9781120036635","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/products\/ScreenShot2022-10-03at3.56.33PM.png?v=1664837817"},{"product_id":"raptor-medicine-surgery-and-rehabilitation-3rd-edition","title":"Raptor Medicine, Surgery and Rehabilitation, 3rd Ed","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eComprehensive, practical and extensively illustrated, this book accumulates years of practical knowledge when dealing with injured birds of prey. Written by a practicing veterinarian it is a concise, helpful, day-to-day guide which outlines everything from handling and intake examination, through to practical procedures and the treatment of a comprehensive range of conditions and injuries. Also covering advice on housing, rehabilitation and eventual release, and fully updated throughout, this new edition incorporates new images as well as new and expanded information on electrocution, pesticides, feeding puppets and species habitats.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWith plenty of new \"raptor tips\" and questions, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003eRaptor Medicine, Surgery and Rehabilitation, 3rd Edition\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, includes handy hints, clinical pearls and retains its emphasis on practical procedures throughout. Forming a complete and approachable guide to raptor veterinary care, this book also features numerous rapid reference charts and appendices.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e1: Handling and Physical Examination\u003cbr\u003e2: Anatomy and Physiology\u003cbr\u003e3: Species Overview\u003cbr\u003e4: Fluid Therapy and Treatments\u003cbr\u003e5: Ophthalmology\u003cbr\u003e6: Infectious Diseases\u003cbr\u003e7: Miscellaneous Conditions\u003cbr\u003e8: Anesthesia\u003cbr\u003e9: Soft Tissue Surgery\u003cbr\u003e10: Orthopedics\u003cbr\u003e11: Endoscopy\u003cbr\u003e12: Orphans\u003cbr\u003e13: Feathers and Aging\u003cbr\u003e14: Clinical Pathology\u003cbr\u003e15: Housing and Husbandry\u003cbr\u003e16: Capturing Trapped Birds\u003cbr\u003e17: Time for Release!\u003cbr\u003eAppendix A: Feeding Guide\u003cbr\u003eAppendix B: Formulary\u003cbr\u003eAppendix C: Anesthetic Record\u003cbr\u003eAppendix D: Wrapper Patterns\u003cbr\u003eAppendix E: Laws and Regulations\u003cbr\u003eAppendix F: Body Weights during Development\u003cbr\u003eAppendix G: Resources\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vendor Produced","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44413484204196,"sku":"9781789246100","price":140.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/RaptorMed3rd.jpg?v=1684519878"},{"product_id":"endoparasite-in-wildlife","title":"Endoparasites in Wildlife Chart","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eEligible for 20% member discount. Must use code at checkout to receive discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEndoparasites in Wildlife\u003c\/em\u003e is a \u003cstrong\u003edouble-sided 11 x 17 chart \u003c\/strong\u003ewith nearly 60 color images of commonly seen parasite eggs. Parasites represented include roundworms (ascarids, strongyles, enoplids, spirurids, pinworms);  thorny-headed worms (acanthocephala); flatworms (trematodes, cestodes); protozoa (coccidia); and flagellates (giardia) as well as common artifacts seen on fecal flotation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print chart ($20)","offer_id":51243612340388,"sku":"9781931439299","price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($18)","offer_id":51243612373156,"sku":"9781931439300","price":18.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print and Ebook Bundle ($34)","offer_id":51243612405924,"sku":"97819314393299","price":34.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Endoparasite_chart_ebook_cover.png?v=1770864571"},{"product_id":"standards-housing-reference-charts","title":"Standards Housing Reference Charts","description":"\u003cdiv\u003eThese laminated reference tables are abbreviated versions of the species housing tables in \u003cem\u003eStandards for Wildlife Rehabilitation\u003c\/em\u003e. They provide a helpful \u003cspan\u003equick reference for volunteers and staff to verify the maximum number of individuals for a given enclosure and for referencing species husbandry requirements. Each chart also contains the key to the husbandry codes.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eReference charts include adult and young of commonly rehabilitated species in the US and Canada for the following: songbirds, raptors, waterfowl, mammals, herptile housing \u0026amp; substrates, reptiles, and amphibians.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eIndividual or full sets of charts are available for free with the purchase of Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Songbirds: 3 pgs (1 double-sided \u0026 1 single-sided)","offer_id":45110863233188,"sku":"STchart_songbirds","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Raptors: 3 pgs (1 double-sided \u0026 1 single-sided)","offer_id":45110863265956,"sku":"STchart_raptors","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Waterfowl: 5 pgs (2 double-sided \u0026 1 single-sided)","offer_id":45110863298724,"sku":"STchart_waterfowl","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Mammals: 4 pgs (2 double-sided)","offer_id":45110863331492,"sku":"STchart_mammal","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Herptile housing: 1 pg (double-sided)","offer_id":45110863364260,"sku":"STchart_herps","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Reptiles: 1 pg (double-sided)","offer_id":45110863397028,"sku":"STchart_reptiles","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Amphibians: 1 pg (single-sided)","offer_id":45110863429796,"sku":"STchart_amphibians","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Screenshot2024-02-23at2.01.25PM.png?v=1708907624"},{"product_id":"endoparasites-in-wildlife-poster","title":"Endoparasites in Wildlife Poster","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eEligible for 20% member discount. Must use code at checkout to receive discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEndoparasites in Wildlife\u003c\/em\u003e is a \u003cstrong\u003esingle-sided 20 x 30 poster \u003c\/strong\u003ewith nearly 60 color images of commonly seen parasite eggs. Parasites represented include roundworms (ascarids, strongyles, enoplids, spirurids, pinworms);  thorny-headed worms (acanthocephala); flatworms (trematodes, cestodes); protozoa (coccidia); and flagellates (giardia) as well as common artifacts seen on fecal flotation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e$5 off when you also purchase the \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEndoparasites in Wildlife \u003c\/em\u003e11 x 17 chart. No code needed!\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46253327286436,"sku":"9781931439459","price":24.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Parasiteposter20x30_FINALsmall.png?v=1727198821"},{"product_id":"quick-reference-4th-edition","title":"Quick Reference, 4th edition","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"rteleft\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #8fad1a;\"\u003eNWRA Publication-eligible for 20% discount with member code. Must use code at checkout to receive member discount.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuick Reference \u003c\/b\u003eincludes a full glossary of medical and rehabilitation terms, a list of useful common abbreviations, tables for baseline species information, fluid therapy and energy requirements, medical math calculations, and anatomic figures for birds, mammals, and reptiles. it's an essential book for all rehabilitators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"a_GcMg font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\"\u003eGlossary of nearly \u003cstrong\u003e900 terms\u003c\/strong\u003e and list of commonly used abbreviations.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a_GcMg font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none white-space-prewrap\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a_GcMg font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e22 tables\u003c\/strong\u003e of species data and baseline medical information.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"a_GcMg font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e13 diagrams\u003c\/strong\u003e of avian, mammalian, and chelonian skeletal systems, anatomical roadmaps, fracture types, and gavage method.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Minion Pro',serif; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Minion Pro';\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEBOOKS—READ BEFORE PURCHASING\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce downloaded, ebooks \u003cstrong\u003ecannot be refunded or returned\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca title=\"NWRA Online Store Return Policy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwrawildlife.org\/resource\/resmgr\/shopify\/Return_Policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEpub files can be opened on your preferred device with the following applications \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/solutions\/ebook\/digital-editions\/download.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdobe Digital Editions\u003c\/a\u003e (free), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/apple-books\/\"\u003eiBook\u003c\/a\u003e (free), Kobo, NOOK, Sony Reader Touch\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe strongly recommend Adobe Digital Editions if you use a PC; not compatible with Microsoft Edge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGoogle Chrome is the preferred browser for purchasing Ebooks on Shopify. Once you complete your order, you will be sent to a landing page that will display a message that the file is loading. Wait until a button appears that says “Your download is ready.” Then you will be able to download the .epub file. You will also receive an email with the download link.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/Ebook_hot_mess.png?v=1768681779\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NWRA Produced Publication","offers":[{"title":"Print ($35)","offer_id":51243566104740,"sku":"9781931439367","price":35.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Ebook ($30)","offer_id":51243566137508,"sku":"9781931439368","price":30.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Print and Ebook Bundle ($56)","offer_id":51243566170276,"sku":"9781931439367","price":56.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/files\/QuickReference4thedcover.png?v=1770854134"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/7365\/0484\/collections\/song_bird_diet_index_book_cover.jpg?v=1704417828","url":"https:\/\/national-wildlife-rehabilitators-association.myshopify.com\/collections\/rehabilitation-resources\/ebook.oembed","provider":"National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association","version":"1.0","type":"link"}